Induction motor seminar ppt, pdf report study mafia. Equations 1 3 represent the currents that ow in the three phase windings. It is widely used when compared to the three phase motor for the industrial, commercial and domestic purposes. Historythe induction motor with a wrapped rotor wasinvented by nikola tesla in. The control phase is usually supplied from a servo amplifier. For a threephase supply, this can be done by interchanging any two of the three lines.
As we shall see, the rotor in a 3phase induction motor runs in the same direction as the rotating magnetic field. When three phase stator winding of an induction motor is energized from a 3 phase supply, a rotating magnetic field is set up which rotates around the stator at synchronous speed ns. Induction motor basics, single phase and three phase. At the end of the lecture, student should be able to.
Induction machines guru nanak dev engineering college. These motors are selfstarting and use no capacitor, start winding, centrifugal switch or other starting device. Jun 04, 2017 inverter ppt pdf powerpoint presentation. This article concentrates only on a threephase induction motor and its protection. Induction motor 1 chapter 3 induction motor bee23 electrical machine power system 2 learning outcomes. The speed of the ac induction motor is adjusted by the frequency variation of the ac power to the motor. The operating principle of a 3 phase induction motor is based on the production of r.
As the rotor conductor is short circuited current flows through them. Threephase induction motor ppt download slideplayer. So obviously the speed of an induction motor can be controlled by varying any of three factors namely supply frequency f, number of pole p or slip s. Threephase induction motor singlephase induction motor there are probably more singlephase ac induction motors in use today than the total of all the other types put together. Introduction types of electrical machines types of 3ph induction motor basic principle working principle compnents of induction motor application comparision between 1ph i. P number of poles for more details about rotating magnetic field, read production of rotating magnetic field this rotating field passes through the air gap and cuts the rotor conductors, which are stationary. Hence, to reduce this relative motion, the rotor starts rotating in the same direction as that of the stator field and tries to catch it but, can never catch it due to friction and windage and therefore emf induction continues and motor keeps rotating. Overview of inverters inverter 3 phase motor fa equipment for beginnerslnvefters eng the role of an inverter.
We also discuss the construction of a three phase motor including its. A single phase induction motor is inherently not selfstaring can be shown easily. In this case, power flows from the mechanical system, to the rotor circuit, then across the air gap to the stator circuit and external electrical system. Ppt threephase induction motor electrical engineering ee. The basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. According to the type of rotor, an induction motor is divided into two types. One singlephase wattmeter plus miscellaneous apparatus as needed. Ppt induction motor powerpoint presentation free to. A 3 phase induction motor has two main parts i stator and ii rotor. Ac induction motors are also the most common motors used in.
Find out here with this article on induction motors. As its name indicates stator is a stationary part of induction motor. Despite the fact that the three phase motor has more phases than the single phase motor, the single phase motor is a much more complex machine. These types of motors are known as selfstarting induction motors.
Therefore, the magnetizing current in a 3 phase induction motor is much larger than that of the transformer. Design and analysis of three phase induction motor using computer program. A 3phase, y connected, 460 volt line to line, 25 horsepower, 60 hz, 8 pole induction motor has the following constants, in ohms per phase referred to the stator. Stator frame it is the outer most part of the three phase induction motor. Working principle of three phase induction motor electrical. Three phase induction motors authorstream presentation.
Speed control of three phase induction motor ppt play ppt. The singlephase induction motor is more subtle and less efficient. An electrical motor is an electromechanical device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Threephase induction motor the most basic 3phase induction motor has three sets of windings, with each phase connected to a differ ent set of windings, figure 164. However, the following differences between the two are worth noting. The speed and torque of the rotor are controlled by the phase difference between the control voltage and the reference phase voltage. A 3 phase induction motor derives its name from the fact that the rotor current is induced by the magnetic field, instead of electrical connections. Production of rotating magnetic field studyelectrical. You can download free ppt threephase induction motor electrical engineering ee notes edurev pdf from edurev by using search above. Therefore, the direction of rotation of a 3phase induction motor can be reversed by interchanging any two of the three motor supply lines. Induction motors introduction threephase induction motors are the most common and frequently encountered machines in industry simple design, rugged, lowprice, easy maintenance wide range of power ratings. Its main function is to support the stator core and the field winding. Sep 27, 2016 single phase and three phase are the two types of an ac induction motor. The bars forming the conductors along the rotor axis are connected by a thick metal ring at the ends, resulting in a short circuit as shown in figure 1.
As their name suggests, 1 phase ac power supply is extended to single phase induction motor while three phase induction motor is connected to 3 phase ac power supply. Threephase induction motors authorstream presentation. Therefore, the direction of rotation of a 3 phase induction motor can be reversed by interchanging any two of the three motor supply lines. Threephase induction motors are the most common and frequently encountered machines in industry it can be. Single phase induction motors the single phase induction motor comes with the different starting arrangements. It becomes a current carrying conductor in magnetic field and start rotating. Understand the principle and the nature of single phase and 3 phase induction machines. Perform an analysis on induction machines which is the most rugged and the most. The current in each winding is 120 electrical degrees out of phase with the urrent in the other windings.
An electric motor is an electromechanical device that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy. The sinusoidal stator phase currents fed in the stator coils create a magnetic field. A portion of rotating magnetic field in a threephase induction motor. Consider a single phase induction motor whose rotor is at rest. The threephase induction motor is the easiest motor of this type to understand so these notes start with that type. The squirrel cage motor is mostly started by star delta stator and hence the stator of squirrel cage motor is delta connected. The 3phase set of currents, each of equal magnitude and with a phase. Applications of threephase induction motors of size varying from half a kilowatt to thousands of kilowatts are numerous. The slip ring three phase induction motor are started by inserting resistances so, the stator winding of slip ring induction can be connected either in star or delta. They are found everywhere from a small workshop to a large manufacturing industry. Stator is made up of number of stampings in which different slots are. Several additional components are necessary to operate the single phase motor.
Generally, there are two types of the induction motors known as single phase and three phase induction motors. A simple explanation of how a 3 phase induction motor works. May 19, 2018 there are mainly two types of induction motor on the basis of power supply, single phase induction motor and three phase induction motor. The mechanical energy can be used to perform work such as rotating a pump impeller, fan, blower, driving a compressor. Pdf design and analysis of three phase induction motor. This strange behavior of single phase induction motor can be explained on the basis of doublefield revolving theory. The main methods employed for speed control of induction motors are as follows. Ac induction motors are also the most common motors used in main powered home appliances. For a three phase supply, this can be done by interchanging any two of the three lines. Principle of operation a rotating magnetic field rmf is set up in the stator when a 3 phase supply is given. The rotor is separated from the stator by a small airgap which ranges from 0.
As we shall see, the rotor in a 3 phase induction motor runs in the same direction as the rotating magnetic field. The stator of an induction motor consists of a number of. You should also make a dc measurement of stator winding linetoline resistance. In a three phase induction machine, there are three sets of windings phase a winding, phase b and phase c windings. Induction motors introduction three phase induction motors are the most common and frequently encountered machines in industry simple design, rugged, lowprice, easy maintenance wide range of power ratings. The stationary rotor cut the revolving field and due to electromagnetic induction an e. Due to the robust construction and ease of control, three phase asynchronous motors are widely preferred over many other motors for the ac motor driven applications. Nov 27, 2019 an electrical motor is an electromechanical device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. The threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives.
Single phase motors have only two power source supply lines connected. They run at a constant speed from noload to the full load. Today we are going to made available a powerpoint presentation file for all. Lecture 6 three phase induction motors cairo university. How an induction motor works by equations and physics. Historythe induction motor with a wrapped rotor wasinvented by nikola tesla in 1888 in the unitedstates. In this chapter, we shall focus our attention on the construction.
Synchronous motors are special types of motors used in constant speed applications, whereas most of the motors used in the industrial applications are of induction type. Below, this type of motor will be referred to as a 3 phase motor or simply motor in order to simplify things. Scroll to the bottom to watch the youtube tutorial on this article the induction motor is the most common type of electrical motor used in industry, and its used in pretty much everything, from elevators. Download 3 phase induction motor powerpoint presentation. A 3 phase, y connected, 460 volt line to line, 25 horsepower, 60 hz, 8 pole induction motor has the following constants, in ohms per phase referred to the stator.
Threephase induction motors are the most common and frequently. Threephase or polyphase motors are of mainly two types. Applications of three phase induction motors of size varying from half a kilowatt to thousands of kilowatts are numerous. Despite the fact that the threephase motor has more phases than the singlephase motor, the singlephase motor is a much more complex machine. An induction motor can be defined as the ac electric motor device in which a power source fed by the alternating current with the help of a primary winding. The magnetic field in the air gap from the voltage applied to the stator. Three phase induction motor electromagnetic induction. An inverter is nothing but a motor control which is used in adjusting the speed of an ac induction motor.
Introduction to induction motor the engineering projects. This three phase motor is accountable for larger load operations in several applications like goods and lifts hoists, conveyors, compressors, pumps, ventilation systems, industrial fan controllers, etc. If you are searching for rewinding of one phase motor you can find it here. A lim operates under the same principles as its ac rotary motor counterpart, typically powered by a threephase voltage scheme with a. For this example, refer to the motor equivalent circuit and calculations described above. Three phase ac induction motors are widely used in industrial and commercial applications. Record all nameplate information for the induction motor. Three phase induction motor free download as powerpoint presentation. Similarly in this post, we will made a powerpoint file accessible for all.
It certainly leads to the best performance and high efficiency of the induction motor. The working of the three phase induction motor is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. This would result in a balanced three phase current. The singlephase ac induction motor best fits this description. Advantages of 3 phase induction motor generally easy to build and cheaper than corresponding dc or synchronous motors induction motor is robust. As mentioned above that, due to the rotating magnetic field of the stator, the induction motor becomes self starting. These are excited by a balanced threephase voltage supply. Physical layout of induction motor in an induction motor induction refers the field in the rotor is induced by the stator currents and asynchronous refers that the rotor speed is not equal to the stator speed. Several additional components are necessary to operate the singlephase motor. The single phase induction motor resembles, threephase, squirrelcage motor except that, single phase induction motor has no starting torque and some special arrangement have to be made to make it as self starting. Inverter not only adjusts the speed but also adjusts the voltage to the motor. Introductionan induction motorim is a type ofasynchronous acmotor where power is supplied to therotating device bymeans ofelectromagneticinduction threephase induction motors 4.
The rotor will constantly be turning to align its magnetic field with that of the stator field. The rotor of the squirrel cage three phase induction motor is cylindrical in shape and have slots on its periphery. Induction motors ppt transformer electrical engineering. Single phase motors are used for smaller loads while 3 phase motors are used in high load applications. The single phase induction motor is the most frequently used motor for refrigerators, washing machines, clocks, drills, compressors, pumps, and so forth.
The connection diagram of the two phase ac servo motor is shown below. The main purpose of controlling the speed of three phase induction motor is to save unwanted energy. To this end, it will be assumed that the motor is a balanced three phase wye connected load and that you will therefore need to measure only one lineneutral voltage, only one line current, and only one phase power to characterize p in completely. One single phase wattmeter plus miscellaneous apparatus as needed. A portion of rotating magnetic field in a three phase. Nov 04, 2012 introductionan induction motor im is a type ofasynchronous acmotor where power is supplied to therotating device bymeans ofelectromagneticinduction three phase induction motors 4.
Threephase induction motor protection systems and its. This paper presents the design of a xilinx field programmable gate array fpga based sinusoidal pulse width modulation spwm for a threephase voltage source inverter vsi with variable voltage variable frequency vvvf for controlling the speed. The three phase induction motors are simple in construction, rugged, low cost and easy to maintain. Generally, it is known as the asynchronous motor because its running speed is less than its synchronous speed. The most common type of ac motor being used throughout the work today is the induction motor. A linear induction motor lim is a specific type of alternating current ac motor designed to produce motion in a straight line. As previously, we have covered a lot of important topics. Pdf on may 21, 2006, walid balid and others published 3phase ac. In the case of three phase ac alternating current operation, the most widely used motor is a 3 phase induction motor, as this type of motor does not require an additional starting device. A stator winding is placed in the stator of induction motor and the three phase supply is given to it. How does a threephase alternating current induction motor work. For industrialuse inverters, the type of motor commonly used is a three phase squirrelcage induction motor. Free download induction motor seminar ppt, pdf report. The speed of an induction motor is given as n 120fp 1s.
783 1127 479 1477 1182 17 850 1001 572 300 99 1229 1222 1009 910 1554 998 535 1145 723 1022 863 793 702 1024 1398 106 287 1077 1104